16.November FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Certain judges in Burma, acting under the orders of Chief Justice U Aung Toe and Senior General Than Shwe, are
themselves criminally liable as co-conspirators to crimes against humanity for their acts in “trying” and
“convicting” 60 political activists last week. “These acts are the latest from the junta which uses the judiciary as
one of its key weapons to commit grave crimes,” says Global Justice Center President Janet Benshoof. Judges
including those listed below are criminally culpable and must be referred to the International Criminal Court.
• Chief Justice U Aung Toe
• U Thaung Nyunt, North District Court, Yangon Division
• Daw Soe Nyan, U Tin Htut, U Kyaw Swe, and U Sein Hla, Western District Court, Yangon Division
• Daw Aye Myaing, Hlaing Tha Yar Township Court, Yangon Division
• Daw Than Than, Tamwe Township Court, Yangon Division
• Daw Nyunt Nyunt Win, Kyauktadar Court, Yangon Division
• Daw Mya Mya Swe, North Dagon Court, Yangon Division
• Daw Thiri Tin, Ahlon township Court, Yangon Division
On November 11th approximately forty pro-democracy dissidents received prison sentences of up to 65 years. On
November 13th twenty more activists were sentenced to terms ranging from 41⁄2 to 91⁄2 years. The convicted include
members of the ‘88 Generation Students, labor rights activist Su Su Nway, musician Win Maw, HIV/AIDS activist
Than Naing, blogger Nay Phone Latt, and members of Daw Aung San Sui Kyi’s party, the National League for
Democracy. Even the defendants’ lawyers were not immune from the regime’s revenge; in October defense lawyers
Nyi Nyi Htwe, Aung Thein and Khin Maung Shein were sentenced to between four and six months imprisonment
for submitting a complaint about the unfair trial conditions of eleven NLD activists.
Judges did not allow the defendants to question prosecution witnesses, many defendants did not have legal
representation and those that did were not permitted to meet with their lawyers in private. Burma Lawyers’ Council
General Secretary U Aung Htoo stated, “Rule of law in Burma cannot even be dreamt of when the judiciary has
become an instrument of political oppression, exercised by the SPDC military junta.”
United Nations Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Burma, Tomás Ojea Quintana, said this past week in
reference to these convictions, “There is no independent and impartial judiciary system [in Burma].” However, the
judges actions go much further; these prison sentences are crimes under the Rome Statute of the International
Criminal Court, including violations of Article 7(1)(e) “Imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical
liberty in violation of fundamental rules of international law” and 7(1)(h) “Persecution against any identifiable
group or collectivity on political, racial, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender…or other grounds”.
GJC President Benshoof noted that top judges in Hitler’s criminal regime were convicted as co-conspirators of
crimes against humanity and, more recently, in the Dujail1 decision, the Iraqi High Tribunal found Judge Awad
Hamed al-Bandar jointly criminally liable for crimes against humanity committed with Saddam Hussein because he
used the façade of “judicial authority and law” to “try” and then “execute” civilians. Burma Lawyers’ Council and
Global Justice Center urge the international community to expose the regime’s criminal partnership with members
of the judiciary and to join the call for a UN Security Council referral of all grave international crimes in Burma to
the International Criminal Court.
http://www.globaljusticecenter.net/Unlawful%20Convictions%20press%20release.pdf
democracy for burma 
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